Fred Shuttlesworth, Bethel Baptist and 'Bombingham'

From 1947 racist bombings hit Black homes on Center Street, nicknamed Dynamite Hill, as families crossed the city's racial zoning line, earning Birmingham the name 'Bombingham'. When Alabama banned the NAACP in 1956, Fred Shuttlesworth, pastor of Bethel Baptist Church, founded the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. His parsonage was dynamited that Christmas; he survived and pressed on, laying the ground for 1963.